DEM processing and the morthometric analysis of the surface of celestial bodies
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Maps of slopes and relief roughness (ruggedness) of celestial bodies are created to make a morthometric analysis based on processing DEM in GIS. Various methods of calculating surface parameters are used to determine the characteristics of the surface, each having its peculiarities. With their help it is possible to identify artifacts and errors in DEM (are shown by arrows on the roughness maps of the Lunokhod-1 traverse), reveal large forms of the relief (area ratio calculation), or vice versa, identify small-sized craters (standard slope distribution).
To create global maps of the surface roughness or degree of moon relief partition used digital elevation model (DEM) GLD-100, obtained as a result of processing of space images (Scholten et. al., 2012) wide angle camera (WAC) of CA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO). As a measure of relief partition used Laplasian statistic interquartile range (Laplace operator: a generalization of the usual second derivative of the function of one variable - height). On the map clearly shown that part of the moon's surface, where the bright mainland (left) and dark, so-called «sea», (right)pane. On the map clearly shows the smoothed old craters, releasing the foreground General structure of the continental surface (left) and manifested artifacts DEM caused by errors in the data - bright vertical and horizontal lines (right).
Card roughness allow you to visually highlight the most typical forms of the surface, when, for example, become visible radiation emissions from the craters. In roughness contrast cards, when looking at the surface topography image or an image (well only identified prominent relief form.